Brian Howland and Ira Fischler. Remembering, knowing, and confidence: ERP indicants of recognition memory
    In a study-test recognition memory task, students indicated whether they remembered or just knew that a word was old, as well as their confidence in the old/new judgment. A late centro-parietal positive potential in the ERPs recorded during the recognition phase of the task was significantly greater for recognized old words than for missed old words. The timing and topography of this component was similar whether the decision was remember or know, although controlling for confidence, the amplitude of the ERP memory component was greater for remember than know judgments. The behavioral and ERP findings are consistent with single-process, dua-criterion models of the relationship between these subjective judgments of memory.