NEUROETHOLOGY

PSB 6082                                                                                                                                                                                           Donald J. Stehouwer

Section 3714                                                                                                                                                                                                        Fall, 2007

Text: Jeffrey M. Camhi's Neuroethology

       This course focuses on cellular mechanisms underlying fundamental aspects of behavior, including the production and coordination of movement, sensory processing and sensorimotor integration.  Electrophysiological studies of invertebrate and simple vertebrate behaviors are emphasized.  Rudimentary knowledge of neurobiology and behavior (e.g. at least one class in each at the undergraduate level) will be assumed.

       The class will be conducted in a seminar format, with all students expected to contribute.  Although Camhi's text will form the backbone of the course there will be, in addition, a set of assigned readings each week.  Evaluation will be based on two take-home exams, one term paper, and class participation.

Important Dates:

            Exam #1:   Oct.11, due Oct. 18.

            Exam  #2:  Nov. 29, due Dec. 6.

            Term Paper, due  Dec. 12

Supplementary Books

The Organization of Action: A New Synthesis.  C.R. Gallistel, Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum, 1980.

Neuroethology and Behavioral Physiology F. Huber & H. Markl (Eds.), Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1983.

Advances in Vertebrate Neuroethology J.-P. Ewert, R.R. Capranica, & D.J. Ingle (Eds.), N.Y.: Plenum, 1983.

Identified Neurons and Behavior in Arthropods G. Hoyle (Ed.), N.Y.: Plenum, 1977.

Topics/Readings

1.  BACKGROUND AND REVIEW

Chapter 1

Chapter 2

Chapter 3

as necessary

2. SCOPE OF NEUROETHOLOGY

Pfluger, H.J. & Menzel, R. (1999)  Neuroethology, its roots and future.  J. Comp. Physiol. A, 185, 389-392.

Bullock, T.H. (1999)  Neuroethlogy has pregnant agendas. J. Comp. Physiol. A, 185, 291-295.

Heisenberg, M. (1997)  Genetic approach to neuroethology.  Bioassays, 19, 1065-1073.

Chiel, H.J. & Beer, R.D. (1997)  The brain has a body:  Adaptive behavior emerges from interactions of nervous system, body and environment.  Trends Neurosci., 20, 553-557.

Konishi, M. & Menzel, R. (2003)  Neurobiology of behavior.  Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 13, 707-709.

3. MOTOR SYSTEMS

Pearson, K.G. (1993) Common principles of motor control in vertebrates and invertebrates.  Ann. Rev. Neurosci., 16, 265-297.

       a.  COMMAND SYSTEMS

Chapter 8

Edwards, D.H., Heitler, W.J. & Krasne, F.J. (1999) Fifty years of a command neuron: the neurobiology of escape behavior in the
     crayfish. Trends in Neuroscience, 22, 153-161.

Kupfermann, I. & Weiss, K.R. (1978) The command neuron concept. Behav. Brain Sci., 1, 3-10.

       b.  TEMPORAL PATTERNING

     Chapter 9

Bassler, U. (1986) On the definition of central pattern generator and its sensory control. Biol. Cybern., 54., 65-69.

Delcomyn, F. (2004) Insect walking and robotics.)  Ann. Rev. Entymol., 49, 51-70.

The Role of Coupled Oscillators in Locomotion.  Gallistel, Chapter 5, 111-142.

4.  SENSORY SYSTEMS

      a. VISION

           Chapters 5, 7 (pp. 211-218, 244-255).

Egelhaaf, M. & Kern, R. (2002)  Vision in flying insects.  Curr. Opin. Neurobiol., 12, 699-706.

Homberg, U.   (2004)  In search of the sky compass in the insect brain.  Naturwissenschaften, 91, 199-208.

Krapp, H.G. (2007)  Polarization vision:  How insects find their way by watching the sky.  Curr. Biol., 17, R557-R560.

Menzell, R. & De Marco, R.J. (2006)  Spatial memory, navigation and dance behavior in Apis mellifera.

Collett, T.S. (1996)  Vision:  Simple stereopsis.  Curr. Biol., 6, 1392-1395.

Nieder, A. (2002)  Seeing more than meets the eye:  Processing of  illusory contours in animals.  J.  Comp. Physiol.  A,  188,
249-260.

Dyer, A.G., Neumeyer, C. & Chittka, L. (2005)  Honeybee (Apis mellifera) vision can discriminate between and recognise
         images of human faces.  J. Exp. Biol., 208, 4709-4714.

       b. AUDITION

           Chapters 6, 7 (pp. 240-243)

Konishi, M. (2006) Behavioral Guides for sensory neurophysiology. J. Comp. Physiol. A., 192, 671-676.

Covey, E.  (2005)  Neurobiological specializations in echolocating bats.  Anat. Rec. 287A, 1103-1116.

Hedwig, B & Poulet, J.F. (2004) Complex auditory behaviour emerges from simple reactive steering. Nature, 430, 781-785.

       c. NAVIGATION

Gould, J.L. (2004)  Animal navigation.  Curr. Biol, 14, 221-224.

Collett, T.S. & Graham, P. (2004)  Animal navigation:  Path integration, visual landmarks, and cognitive maps.  Curr. Biol, 14,
R475-R477.
Collett, T.S., Graham, P & Durier, V. (2003) Route learning by insects. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol., 13, 718-725.

Wittlinger, M., Wehner, R. & Wolf, H. (2007) The desert ant odometer: A stride integrator that accounts for stride length and
                walking speed. J. Exp. Biol., 210, 198-207.

Collett, T.S. (2000) Animal navigation: Birds as geometers? Curr. Biol., 10, R718-R721.
Lohmann, K.J., Lohmann, C.M.F., Ehrhart, L.M., Bagely, D.A. & Swing, T. (2004) Geomagnetic map used in sea-turtle navigation.
                                Nature, 428, 909-910.

Frost, B.J. & Mouritsen, H. (2006) The neural mechanisms of long distance animal navigation.

                            Curr. Opin. Neurobiol., 16, 481-488.

Wehner, R. (1983) Celestial and terrestrial navigation: Human strategies - insect strategies.  In Huber & Markl, 366-381.

5.  PREDATOR-PREY RELATIONSHIPS

        a. PREDATORS

            Chapter 7 (pp. 218-240).

Olberg, R.M., Seaman, R.C., Coats, M.I. & Henry, A.F. (2007) Eye movements and target fixation during dragonfly prey-interception
                            flights. J. Comp. Physiol. A., 193, 685-693.

Ohayon, S., van der Willigen, R.F., Wagner, H., Katsman, I. & Rivlin, E. (2006) On the barn owls visual pre-attack behavior:
                            I. Structure of head movements and motion patterns. In J. Comp. Physiol. A, 192, 927-940.

Carew, T.J. (2000) Feature analysis in toads.   In Behavioral Neurobiology, Sunderland, MA: Sinauer, pp. 95-119.

Simmons, J.A. & Kick, S.A. (1983) Interception of flying insects by bats.  In Huber & Markl, 267-279.

        b. PREY

            Chapter 4.

Levi, R. & Camhi, J.M. (2000) Population vector coding by the giant interneurons of the cockroach. J. Neurosci., 20, 3822-3829.

Baxter, D.J.M., Psyllakis, J.M. Gillingham, M.P. & O’Brien, E.L. (2006) Behavioural response of bats to perceived predation   
                            risk while foraging. Ethology, 112, 977-983.

Fullard, J.H., Simmons, J.A. & Saillant, P.A. (1994) Jamming bat echolocation: The dogbane tiger moth Cycnia tenera times
                            its click to the terminal attack calls of the big brown bat Eptisicus Fuscus. J. Exp. Biol., 194, 285-298.

Rodriguez, R.L. & Greenfield, M.D. (2004) Behavioral context regulates dual function of ultrasonic hearing in lesser waxmoths:
Bat avoidance and pair formation. Physiol., Entymol., 29, 159-168.

Yack, J.E., Kalko, E.K.V. &Surlykke, A. (2007) Neuroethology of ultrasonic hearing in nocturnal butterflies (Hedloidea).  J. Comp.
                           Physiol. A, 193, 577-590.

6. SENSORIMOTOR INTERACTIONS

a. GENERAL

Reafference and Efference Copy.   In  Gallistel, pp. 166-209

Webb, B. (2004)  Neural mechanisms for prediction: Do insects have forward models?  Trends Neurosci., 27, 278-282.
Poulet, J.F.A. & Hedwig, B. (2007)  New insights into corollary discharges mediated by identified neural pathways.  In Trends                        Neurosci., 30, 14-21.
Bridgeman, B. (2007)  Efference copy and its limitations.  Comp. Biol. Med., 37, 924-929.
Bellman, K.L. & Krasne, F. (1983) Adaptive complexity of interactions between feeding and escape in crayfish. Science, 221,                    779-781.

Nolen, T.G. & Hoy, R.R. (1984) Initiation of behavior by single neurons: The role of behavioral context. Science, 226, 992-994.

            b. ELECTRORECEPTION
Ewert, J.-P. (1980  )  Neuroethology:  An Introduction to the Neurophysiological Fundamentals of Behavior.
                            N.Y.: Springer-Verlag.  pp. 184-202.
Carr, C.E. (1990)  Neuroethology of electric fish.  BioScience, 40, 259-267.
von der Emde, G. & Schwartz, S. (2000) Three dimensional analysis of object properties during electrolocation in
                            Mormyrid weakly electric fishes Gnathonemus petersii.  Philosophical Transactions: Bio. Sci., 355, 1143-1146.

Metzner, W. & Juranek, J. (1997)  A sensory map for each behavior?  Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., 94, 14798-14803.

Fortune, E.S. (2006)  The decoding of electrosensory systems.  Curr. Opin. Neurobiol., 16, 474-480.

Bell, C.C. (1981) An efference copy which is modified by reafferent input. Science, 214, 450-453.

Pettigrew, J.D., Manger, P.R. & Fine, S.L.B. (1998)  The sensory world of the platypus.  Philosoph. Trans.: Bio. Sci.,
            353, 1199-1210

     c. EVOLUTION

Bullock, T.H. (1993) How are more complex brains different?  Brain, Behav. Evol. 41, 88-96.

Dumont, J.P.C. & Robertson, R.M. (1986) Neuronal circuits: An evolutionary perspective. Science, 233, 849-853.

Marden, J.H. & Kramer, M.G. (1994) Surface-skimming stoneflies: A possible intermediate stage in insect flight. Science, 266,                      427-430.
Katz, P.S. & Harris-Warrick, R.M.  (1999)   The evolution of neuronal circuits underlying species-specific behavior.  Curr.

                            Opin. Neurobiol.,  9, 628-633.
Jones, G. & Teeling, E.C. (2006) The evolution of echolocation in bats. Trends Ecol. Evol, 21, 149-156.
Rose, G.J. (2004) Insights into neural mechanisms and evolution of behaviour from electric fish.  Nature Rev.
                            Neurosci., 5, 943-951.

7. DEVELOPMENT

Knudsen, E.I. (2002) Instructed learning in the auditory pathway of the barn owl.  Nature, 417, 322-328.
Graf, W. & Baker, R. (1983)  Adaptive changes of the vestibulo-ocular reflex are achieved by reorganization of central nervous
         pathways.  Science, 221, 777-779.
Lang, F., Govind, C.K., Costello, W.J. & Greene, S.I. (1977)  Developmental Neuroethology:  Changes in escape and defensive                     behavior during growth of the lobster. Science, 197, 682-685.

Govind, C.K. & Pearce, J. (1986)  Differential activity determines claw and closer muscle asymmetry in developing lobsters.
Science, 233, 354-356.

Manager, P.R., Collins, R. & Pettigrew, J.D. (1998)  The development of the electroreceptors of teh Platypus (Ornithorhynchus
          Anatinus).  Philosoph. Trans: Biol. Sci., 353, 1171-1186.

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